Organic Chemistry Alcohols: Easy Mastery 2026

December 28, 2025 – Dominate Alcohols in Organic Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry 0620, CAIE O Level Chemistry 5070, Oxford AQA, and Edexcel in 2026. This premium guide covers classification, naming, reactions (oxidation, fermentation, dehydration), properties, and uses – all exam-focused for A* success.

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What Are Alcohols? Key Definition

Classification & Naming

IUPAC Naming:

• Longest chain → alkane name, drop -e, add -ol.
• Number chain for lowest -OH position.
• Substituents alphabetical.

Physical Properties

• Higher boiling point than alkanes (H-bonding).
• Soluble in water (short chain); decreases with length.
• Volatile, flammable liquids (e.g., ethanol).

Key Reactions of Alcohols

Uses of Alcohols

• Ethanol: Solvent, fuel, drinks (fermented).
• Methanol: Fuel, solvent.
• Propan-2-ol: Antiseptic.

Exam Tips for Alcohols (2026 Syllabus)

• Distinguish oxidation products by type (1° aldehyde/acid, 2° ketone, 3° no reaction).
• Write fermentation equation with conditions.
• Name esters: alkyl alkanoate.
• Link to Mole Concept: Calculate ethanol yield from glucose (use Mole Guide).

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